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The American Psychologist Nov 2018This article reviews the concept of precision behavioral medicine and the progress toward applying genetics and genomics as tools to optimize weight management... (Review)
Review
This article reviews the concept of precision behavioral medicine and the progress toward applying genetics and genomics as tools to optimize weight management intervention. We discuss genetic, epigenetic, and genomic markers, as well as interactions between genetics and the environment as they relate to obesity and behavioral weight loss to date. Recommendations for the conditions under which genetics and genomics could be incorporated to support clinical decision-making in behavioral weight loss are outlined and illustrative scenarios of how this approach could improve clinical outcomes are provided. It is concluded that there is not yet sufficient evidence to leverage genetics or genomics to aid the treatment of obesity but the foundations are being laid. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Behavioral Medicine; Genomics; Humans; Obesity; Precision Medicine; Weight Loss
PubMed: 30394782
DOI: 10.1037/amp0000253 -
Current Atherosclerosis Reports Jul 2021Behavioral medicine is a multidisciplinary field that has a key role in reducing risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The purpose of this review is to describe... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Behavioral medicine is a multidisciplinary field that has a key role in reducing risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The purpose of this review is to describe the role of behavioral medicine for CVD prevention, using physical activity behaviors (e.g., sedentary behavior, daily physical activity, or exercise) as an exemplar. Application of behavioral medicine to improve dietary behaviors is also briefly discussed.
RECENT FINDINGS
Behavioral medicine interventions that address physical activity behaviors are associated with improved cardiovascular risk factors. Interventions framed in behavior change theory that integrate behavior change techniques to reduce sedentary behavior and promote daily physical activity and exercise have similarly been applied to improve certain dietary behaviors and show promise for reducing CVD risk factors. Behavioral medicine has an important role in improving various physical activity behaviors for all populations, which is essential for preventing or managing CVD. Further investigation into behavioral medicine interventions that address personal, environmental, and social factors that influence participation in physical activity behaviors, as well as the adoption of a more optimal dietary pattern, is warranted.
Topics: Behavioral Medicine; Cardiovascular Diseases; Exercise; Humans; Risk Factors; Sedentary Behavior
PubMed: 34226989
DOI: 10.1007/s11883-021-00948-x -
Journal of the American Veterinary... Apr 2019There is now a large body of research in veterinary behavioral medicine that is clinically relevant and could enrich patients' and practitioners' lives. Too often,... (Review)
Review
There is now a large body of research in veterinary behavioral medicine that is clinically relevant and could enrich patients' and practitioners' lives. Too often, however, this research is published in journals that may not be readily available to veterinarians in private practice. Four important topics in the area of veterinary behavioral medicine for which belief has not kept pace with the published data are the unmet need for behavioral medicine in veterinary practice, the veterinary experience as a contributor to fear and distress in dogs and cats, social signaling in dogs and the ongoing "dominance" debate, and punishment as an intervention to change behavior. The present article seeks to provide a critical overview of recent research that is shifting existing paradigms on these topics and should alter the way veterinarians observe and care for patients.
Topics: Animals; Behavioral Medicine; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Humans; Veterinarians; Veterinary Medicine
PubMed: 30888280
DOI: 10.2460/javma.254.7.798 -
Annals of Behavioral Medicine : a... Aug 2020The global COVID-19 pandemic and efforts to stem its transmission highlights the essential role of behavioral medicine in contemporary healthcare. As a result, the...
The global COVID-19 pandemic and efforts to stem its transmission highlights the essential role of behavioral medicine in contemporary healthcare. As a result, the Annals of Behavioral Medicine instituted a COVID-19 rapid review process in mid-April to bring new knowledge to publication. This editorial describes the first two papers accepted through this mechanism and issues a broader call to recognize the human element in transmission and mitigation, and for behavioral medicine to play a central role in all phases of research, care, and public messaging.
Topics: Behavioral Medicine; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Humans; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral
PubMed: 32744324
DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaaa057 -
Psychosomatic Medicine Jan 2009
Topics: Attitude of Health Personnel; Behavioral Medicine; Data Collection; Diagnostic Errors; Factitious Disorders; Medicine; Names; Periodicals as Topic; Physicians; Psychophysiologic Disorders; Psychophysiology; Psychosomatic Medicine; Somatoform Disorders; Specialization; United States
PubMed: 19124618
DOI: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181954848 -
Translational Behavioral Medicine Oct 2022Disparities in health persist despite the development of innovative and effective behavioral interventions. Both behavioral medicine and implementation science are vital...
Disparities in health persist despite the development of innovative and effective behavioral interventions. Both behavioral medicine and implementation science are vital to improving health care and health outcomes, and both can play a critical role in advancing health equity. However, to eliminate health disparities, more research in these areas is needed to ensure disparity-reducing behavioral interventions are continually developed and implemented. This special issue on interventions to promote health equity presents a diverse set of articles focused on implementing behavioral interventions to reduce health disparities. The current article summarizes the special issue and identifies key themes and future considerations. Articles in this special issue report on behavioral medicine intervention studies (including those examining aspects of implementation) as well as implementation science studies with implications for behavioral medicine. Articles discuss community-, provider-, and system-level interventions; implementation processes; and barriers and facilitators to implementation. Also included are commentaries calling for greater prioritization of behavioral medicine and implementation research. As evidenced in this special issue, behavioral medicine is primed to lead the implementation of behavioral interventions in historically marginalized and minoritized populations to advance health equity and improve overall population health.
Topics: Behavioral Medicine; Delivery of Health Care; Health Equity; Health Promotion; Humans; Implementation Science
PubMed: 36205475
DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibac062 -
Disaster Medicine and Public Health... Oct 2020Research from financial stress, disasters, pandemics, and other extreme events, suggests that behavioral health will suffer, including anxiety, depression, and...
Research from financial stress, disasters, pandemics, and other extreme events, suggests that behavioral health will suffer, including anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Furthermore, these symptoms are likely to exacerbate alcohol or drug use, especially for those vulnerable to relapse. The nature of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and vast reach of the virus, leave many unknows for the repercussions on behavioral health, yet existing research suggests that behavioral health concerns should take a primary role in response to the pandemic. We propose a 4-step services system designed for implementation with a variety of different groups and reserves limited clinical services for the most extreme reactions. While we can expect symptoms to remit overtime, many will also have longer-term or more severe concerns. Behavioral health interventions will likely need to change overtime and different types of interventions should be considered for different target groups, such as for those who recover from COVID-19, health-care professionals, and essential personnel; and the general public either due to loss of loved ones or significant life disruption. The important thing is to have a systematic plan to support behavioral health and to engage citizens in prevention and doing their part in recovery by staying home and protecting others.
Topics: Anxiety; Behavioral Medicine; COVID-19; Depression; Disaster Medicine; Humans; Pandemics; Quarantine; Stress, Psychological
PubMed: 32469297
DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2020.180 -
International Journal of Behavioral... 2009
Topics: Behavioral Medicine; Data Collection; Humans
PubMed: 19513856
DOI: 10.1007/s12529-009-9049-1 -
Journal of Behavioral Medicine Feb 2019During the 40 years since the Yale conference on Behavioral Medicine and the founding of the Journal of Behavioral Medicine considerable progress has been made in... (Review)
Review
During the 40 years since the Yale conference on Behavioral Medicine and the founding of the Journal of Behavioral Medicine considerable progress has been made in understanding the role of psychosocial risk and management of physical diseases. We here describe the development of these fundamental concepts from early research on stress through studies of the Type A behavior pattern to more contemporary approaches to the relationship between psychosocial risks and benefits in relation to disease processes. This includes the relationship of psychosocial risk to cancers, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), cardiometabolic disorders, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Human Immune Deficiency Syndrome. During the past 40 years the effects of prolonged distress responses in the pathogenesis of some cancers and CVD have been well-established and modifiable behavioral, cognitive and social factors have been shown to produce favorable outcome components in the management of such diseases as breast cancer, coronary heart disease and HIV.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Disease Management; Humans; Risk Factors
PubMed: 30632000
DOI: 10.1007/s10865-018-00007-y -
Health Psychology : Official Journal of... Sep 2019The increasing prevalence of multimorbidity in the United States and the rest of the world poses problems for patients and for health care providers, care systems, and...
The increasing prevalence of multimorbidity in the United States and the rest of the world poses problems for patients and for health care providers, care systems, and policy. After clarifying the difference between comorbidity and multimorbidity, this article describes the challenges that the prevalence of multimorbidity presents for well-being, prevention, and medical treatment. We submit that health psychology and behavioral medicine have an important role to play in meeting these challenges because of the holistic vision of health afforded by the foundational biopsychosocial model. Furthermore, opportunities abound for health psychology/behavioral medicine to study how biological, social and psychological factors influence multimorbidity. This article describes three major areas in which health psychologists can contribute to understanding and treatment of multimorbidity: (a) etiology; (b) prevention and self-management; and (c) clinical care. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Behavioral Medicine; Chronic Disease; Humans; Multimorbidity; Psychology
PubMed: 31436463
DOI: 10.1037/hea0000762